数据库集群的主从复制模型完整实现
主从配置过程： 参看： https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/setting-up-replication/ https://dev.MySQL.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/replication-configuration.html
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主服务器192.168.27.7配置：
[root@master ~]$vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 innodb_file_per_table log_bin server-id=1 [root@master ~]$systemctl start mariadb.service MariaDB [(none)]> show binary logs; +--------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +--------------------+-----------+ | mariadb-bin.000001 | 245 | +--------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) [root@master ~]$mysql < hellodb_InnoDB.sql MariaDB [(none)]> show binary logs; +--------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +--------------------+-----------+ | mariadb-bin.000001 | 7655 | +--------------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@'192.168.27.%' identified by 'centos'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
从服务器192.168.27.17服务配置：
从服务器上的配置： [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. innodb_file_per_table server_id=2 注意：默认的server_id是0； MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'server_id'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | server_id | 0 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) 查看帮助： MariaDB [(none)]> help change master to; CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master2.mycompany.com', MASTER_USER='replication', MASTER_PASSWORD='bigs3cret', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.001', MASTER_LOG_POS=4, MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10; MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.27.7', -> MASTER_USER='repluser', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='centos', -> MASTER_PORT=3306, -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mariadb-bin.000001', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=245, -> MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Master_Host: 192.168.27.7 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 10 Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 245 Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: No 线程未启动； Slave_SQL_Running: No 线程未启动； Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 245 复制的起始位置； Relay_Log_Space: 245 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No 可以启用加密； Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 0 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
中继日志已经创建； [root@centos7x ~]$ll /var/lib/mysql/ total 28724 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 16384 Feb 25 06:37 aria_log.00000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 52 Feb 25 06:37 aria_log_control -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Feb 25 06:37 ibdata1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Feb 25 06:37 ib_logfile0 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Feb 25 05:09 ib_logfile1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 264 Feb 25 05:15 mariadb-bin.000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 21 Feb 25 05:10 mariadb-bin.index -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 245 Feb 25 06:38 mariadb-relay-bin.000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 27 Feb 25 06:38 mariadb-relay-bin.index -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 84 Feb 25 06:38 master.info drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 25 05:09 mysql srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Feb 25 06:37 mysql.sock drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 25 05:09 performance_schema -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 52 Feb 25 06:38 relay-log.info drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 6 Feb 25 05:09 test
启动从服务器上的复制线程：
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 4 Current database: *** NONE *** Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | hellodb | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.27.7 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 245 读取的日志的位置； Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000005 Relay_Log_Pos: 531 Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 245 执行的日志的位置； Relay_Log_Space: 1113 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 落后的时间差； Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
主服务器的读写操作：
主服务器的日志位置； MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs; +--------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +--------------------+-----------+ | mariadb-bin.000001 | 8217 | | mariadb-bin.000002 | 245 | +--------------------+-----------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 主服务器的写： MariaDB [(none)]> create database wangdb; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs; +--------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +--------------------+-----------+ | mariadb-bin.000001 | 8217 | | mariadb-bin.000002 | 332 | +--------------------+-----------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.27.7 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 332 Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 618 Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 332 Relay_Log_Space: 9153 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从服务器：
从服务器瞬间同步： MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | hellodb | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | wangdb | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) 停止从服务器；并在主服务器上更新操作； MariaDB [(none)]> create database wangdb2; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> create database wangdb3; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) 从服务器； [root@centos7x ~]$systemctl stop mariadb.service [root@centos7x ~]$ [root@centos7x ~]$ [root@centos7x ~]$systemctl start mariadb.service unknown [(none)]> show databases; No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 4 Current database: *** NONE *** +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | hellodb | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | wangdb | | wangdb2 | | wangdb3 | +--------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) 从服务器上的relay-log.info记录的是 [root@centos7x ~]$ls /var/lib/mysql/ aria_log.00000001 ibdata1 mariadb-relay-bin.000004 master.info performance_schema wangdb aria_log_control ib_logfile0 mariadb-relay-bin.000005 mysql relay-log.info wangdb2 hellodb ib_logfile1 mariadb-relay-bin.index mysql.sock test wangdb3 [root@centos7x ~]$ [root@centos7x ~]$cat /var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info ./mariadb-relay-bin.000005 709 mariadb-bin.000002 510 8 [root@centos7x ~]$cat /var/lib/mysql/master.info 18 mariadb-bin.000002 510 192.168.27.7 repluser centos 3306 60 0 0 1800.000 0 主服务器； MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs; +--------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +--------------------+-----------+ | mariadb-bin.000001 | 8217 | | mariadb-bin.000002 | 510 | +--------------------+-----------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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