OracleDG之--构建PhysicalStandby-创新互联
Oracle DG之--构建Physical Standby
系统环境：
操作系统： RedHat EL4
Oracle: Oracle 10.2.0.1.0
从以上图中所示：主库为bj（db_unique_name)，备库为sh。
案例分析：
本案例采用RMAN Duplicate方式建立standby database。
一、配置主备库初始化参数
主库的初始化参数：initbj.ora
[oracle@ocmtest dbs]$ more initbj.ora *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/bj/adump' *.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/bj/bdump' *.compatible='10.2.0.1.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/control 03.ctl' *.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/bj/cdump' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16 *.db_name='bj' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648 *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=bjXDB)' *.job_queue_processes=10 *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=68157440 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sga_target=205520896 *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/bj/udump'以下为DG配置参数:
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bj LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(bj,sh)' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/u01/disk1/arch/bj/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bj' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=sh LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=sh' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=3 FAL_SERVER=sh FAL_CLIENT=bj DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/' LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/' STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO备库的初始化参数：initsh.ora
[oracle@ocmtest1 dbs]$ more initsh.ora *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/adump' *.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump' *.compatible='10.2.0.1.0' *.control_file_record_keep_time=7 *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/control 03.ctl' *.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/cdump' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16 *.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/' *.db_name='bj' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648 *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=68157440 *.processes=150 *.REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE='EXCLUSIVE' *.sga_target=205520896 *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/udump'以下为DG配置参数:
*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='sh' *.FAL_CLIENT='sh' *.FAL_SERVER='bj' *.job_queue_processes=10 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(bj,sh)' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/u01/disk1/arch/sh/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=sh' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=bj LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bj' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE' *.log_archive_format='arch_%t_%s_%r.log' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=3 *.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/' *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'二、在主库上建立standby 日志
对于默认的大性能的保护方式，可以不用建立standby redo logfiles；但建立standby redo logfiles可以更好的保存redo log；standby redo日志组组数应等于或多于redo log，日志的大小应该一致。 SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/redo04.log') size 50m; SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/redo05.log.rdo') size 50m; SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bj/redo06.log') size 50m;三、在备库上建立相应目录：
[oracle@ocmtest1 dbs]$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/adump [oracle@ocmtest1 dbs]$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/udump [oracle@ocmtest1 dbs]$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump [oracle@ocmtest1 dbs]$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/cdump [oracle@ocmtest1 dbs]$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh四、在主库生成备库的controlfile和备份
1、数据库在mount 状态下 06:57:41 SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/std_control01.ctl'; 2、 将生成的控制文件，拷贝到备库相同的目录下 [oracle@ocmtest1 ~]$ scp /home/oracle/std_control01.ctl 192.168.8.86:/home/oracle 对主库进行备份 [oracle@ocmtest bj]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Aug 31 10:55:55 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. connected to target database (not started) RMAN> run { 2> startup force mount; 3> backup database format='/u01/disk1/rman/bj/bj_%s.bak' plus archivelog; 4> alter database open; 5> }五、在备库上Duplicate Database（备库启动到弄mount）
1）在备库上建立/u01/disk1/rman/bj目录 拷贝主库的备份到备库/u01/disk1/rman/bj目录（拷贝到相同的目录下） [oracle@ocmtest bj]$ scp /u01/disk1/rman/bj/bj_*.bak 192.168.8.86:/u01/disk1/rman/bj 2）配置Oracle network 因为，备库启动到no mount 状态，拒绝用户远程联机，所以采用静态注册，如下所示备库listenter [oracle@ocmtest1 admin]$ cat listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (PROGRAM = extproc) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = bj) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = bj) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ocmtest1.51CTO提醒您，请勿滥发广告!)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0)) ) ) 如下所示：主库的tnsnames文件： [oracle@ocmtest1 admin]$ [oracle@ocmtest admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. BJ = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.84)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = bj) ) ) SH = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.86)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = sh) (UR=A) ；添加此项连接到静态注册的备库 ) ) 测试连接备库 [oracle@ocmtest bj]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@sh as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Aug 31 11:19:32 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options 通过主库连接到备库，进行恢复（通过克隆方式建立备库） [oracle@ocmtest bj]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Aug 31 11:19:36 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. connected to target database: BJ (DBID=1015723911) RMAN> connect auxiliary sys/oracle@sh; connected to auxiliary database: BJ (not mounted) RMAN> duplicate target database for standby; Starting Duplicate Db at 31-AUG-11 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK contents of Memory Script: { restore clone standby controlfile; sql clone 'alter database mount standby database'; } executing Memory Script Starting restore at 31-AUG-11 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: copied control file copy input filename=/home/oracle/stand.ctl output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/control01.ctl output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/control02.ctl output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/control03.ctl Finished restore at 31-AUG-11 sql statement: alter database mount standby database released channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 contents of Memory Script: { set newname for tempfile 1 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/temp01.dbf"; switch clone tempfile all; set newname for datafile 1 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/system01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 2 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/undotbs01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 3 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/sysaux01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 4 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/users01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 5 to "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/example01.dbf"; restore check readonly clone database ; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET NEWNAME renamed temporary file 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/temp01.dbf in control file executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME Starting restore at 31-AUG-11 allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/system01.dbf restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/undotbs01.dbf restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/sysaux01.dbf restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/users01.dbf restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/example01.dbf channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/disk1/rman/bj/bj_2.bak channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=/u01/disk1/rman/bj/bj_2.bak tag=TAG20110831T105953 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:48 Finished restore at 31-AUG-11 contents of Memory Script: { switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script datafile 1 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=10 stamp=760621486 filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/system01.dbf datafile 2 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=11 stamp=760621487 filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/undotbs01.dbf datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=12 stamp=760621487 filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/sysaux01.dbf datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=13 stamp=760621487 filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/users01.dbf datafile 5 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy recid=14 stamp=760621487 filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/example01.dbf Finished Duplicate Db at 31-AUG-11---备库建立完毕，并启动到mount状态！
六、在备库上启动MRP进程
11:40:28 SQL> SELECT status from v$instance; STATUS ------------ MOUNTED 11:45:40 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; Database altered. 告警日志： alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session Wed Aug 31 11:46:00 2011 Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (sh) MRP0 started with pid=22, OS id=14159 Wed Aug 31 11:46:01 2011 MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (sh) Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply Wed Aug 31 11:46:06 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo01.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Wed Aug 31 11:46:06 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo01.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Clearing online redo logfile 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo01.log Clearing online log 1 of thread 1 sequence number 23 Wed Aug 31 11:46:06 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo01.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Wed Aug 31 11:46:07 2011 Completed: alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session Wed Aug 31 11:46:08 2011 Clearing online redo logfile 1 complete Wed Aug 31 11:46:08 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 2 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo02.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Wed Aug 31 11:46:08 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 2 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo02.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Clearing online redo logfile 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo02.log Clearing online log 2 of thread 1 sequence number 21 Wed Aug 31 11:46:08 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 2 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo02.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Clearing online redo logfile 2 complete Wed Aug 31 11:46:09 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo03.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Wed Aug 31 11:46:09 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo03.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Clearing online redo logfile 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo03.log Clearing online log 3 of thread 1 sequence number 22 Wed Aug 31 11:46:09 2011 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/sh/bdump/sh_mrp0_14159.trc: ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1 ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sh/redo03.log' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Clearing online redo logfile 3 complete Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 23 Wed Aug 31 11:47:00 2011 Using STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST parameter default value as /u01/disk1/arch/sh/ Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC -- Connected User is Valid RFS[1]: Assigned to RFS process 14219 RFS[1]: Identified database type as 'physical standby' Wed Aug 31 11:47:00 2011 RFS LogMiner: Client disabled from further notification Wed Aug 31 11:47:01 2011 Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC -- Connected User is Valid RFS[2]: Assigned to RFS process 14221 RFS[2]: Identified database type as 'physical standby' Wed Aug 31 11:47:01 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_7_760458507.log' RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_8_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:01 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_6_760458507.log' RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_10_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:01 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_9_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:02 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_11_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:02 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_12_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:02 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_13_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:02 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_14_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:02 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_15_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:02 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_16_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:03 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_17_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:03 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_18_760458507.log' RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_19_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:03 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_20_760458507.log' RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_22_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:04 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_21_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:04 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_24_760458507.log' RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_25_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:05 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_23_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:05 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_26_760458507.log' RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_27_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:05 2011 RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_28_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:05 2011 RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_29_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:47:05 2011 Media Recovery Log /u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_23_760458507.log Media Recovery Log /u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_24_760458507.log Media Recovery Log /u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_25_760458507.log Media Recovery Log /u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_26_760458507.log Media Recovery Log /u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_27_760458507.log Media Recovery Log /u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_28_760458507.log Media Recovery Log /u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_29_760458507.log Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 30七、在主库上切换日志测试数据同步
RMAN> sql'alter system switch logfile'; sql statement: alter system switch logfile 备库告警日志： RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_30_760458507.log' Wed Aug 31 11:48:06 2011 Redo Shipping Client Connected as PUBLIC -- Connected User is Valid RFS[3]: Assigned to RFS process 14234 RFS[3]: Identified database type as 'physical standby' Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode RFS[3]: No standby redo logfiles created Wed Aug 31 11:48:08 2011 Media Recovery Log /u01/disk1/arch/sh/arch_1_30_760458507.log Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 31 (in transit) ---备库接收到归档日志，并对其做Media Recover。八、查看数据库信息：
18:02:08 SYS@ bj >select name,database_role,protection_mode from v$database; NAME DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE --------- ---------------- -------------------- BJ PRIMARY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE 18:02:50 SYS@ sh >select name,database_role,protection_mode from v$database; NAME DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE --------- ---------------- -------------------- BJ PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE----@此案例采用Oracle 10g的环境，对于备库在recover状态下，只能启动到mount状态，如果启动到open环境，则会停止recover，失去了数据保护的功能；对于Oracle 11g，Oracle启用了新的特性，“Active Standby”，可以将备库启动到open状态，并且可以继续recover，从而增强了备库的应用范围和备库的功能。
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