socket网络编写的步骤是什么

Socket网络编程是一种基于网络通信的编程方式，它允许不同的计算机之间进行数据交换，在Socket网络编程中，客户端和服务器端通过套接字（Socket）进行通信，套接字是一种特殊的文件描述符，用于表示网络连接的一个端点，本文将介绍使用Socket网络编程的基本步骤。

1、创建套接字

我们需要创建一个套接字，在Linux系统中，可以使用socket()函数来创建套接字，这个函数需要传入两个参数：一个是地址族（Address Family），另一个是套接字类型（Socket Type），常用的地址族有AF_INET（IPv4）和AF_INET6（IPv6），套接字类型有SOCK_STREAM（TCP）和SOCK_DGRAM（UDP）。

include 
include 
int main() {
    int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (sockfd < 0) {
        perror("socket");
        exit(1);
    }
    return 0;
}

2、绑定套接字

创建好套接字后，我们需要将其绑定到一个地址上，这可以通过bind()函数实现。bind()函数需要传入三个参数：套接字描述符、地址结构体指针和地址长度，地址结构体通常包含IP地址和端口号。

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include 
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include 
include 
int main() {
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(8080);
    inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &server_addr.sin_addr);
    int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (sockfd < 0) {
        perror("socket");
        exit(1);
    }
    if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) {
        perror("bind");
        exit(1);
    }
    return 0;
}

3、监听套接字

绑定好套接字后，我们需要对其进行监听，这可以通过listen()函数实现。listen()函数需要传入两个参数：套接字描述符和最大连接数，当有新的客户端连接时，服务器端的套接字会进入阻塞状态，等待客户端的连接请求。

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